'Rila' National Park: Investigation into Illegal Forest Cutting above Panichishte

The Bulgarian Ministry of Environment & Waters and the Executive of the Forestry Agency have started legal investigations into the illegal forest cutting which has taken place between Panichishte and the Seven Lakes.

The cutting has occured not far from the illegal new lift between the 'Pioneer' mountain hut and the 'Rilski Ezera' mountain hut. It is clear that this new felling was intended to continue development of ths ski-piste which was illegaly cut earlier in 2009 in the territory of 'Rila' National Park.

Construction of new ski developments and pistes is forbidden within the 'Rila' National Park. However, developers pushing for a new 'Panichishte-Seven Lakes-Mount Kabul' ski zone desire to encroach into the 'Rila' National Park, and the construction of the illegal new lift between the 'Pioneer' mountain hut and the 'Rilski Ezera' mountain hut was a fundamental first stage of their overall plan.

Permission for the proposed 'Panichishte-Seven Lakes-Mount Kabul' ski zone has not yet been approved, but obviously there are those who are interested in illegaly pushing ahead and trying to make it a fait accompli.

Interestingly, the Bulgarian Ministry of Environment & Waters has recently rejected plans by the local forestry executive in Dupnitsa to cut new so-called fire-breaks in the forests in the region which, according to the Coalition 'For The Nature' just so happened to be of the same shape and location as the proposed ski-pistes of the developers! What a coincidence!

More information about the campaign to stop the development of the proposed 'Panichishte-Seven Lakes-Mount Kabul' ski zone illegaly encroaching into the 'Rila' National Park can be found on the website of the Coalition 'For The Nature'.

Walking in Bulgaria's National Parks

My new guidebook to 'Walking in Bulgaria's National Parks' has just been published today by Cicerone Press!

The 12 routes described in 'Walking in Bulgaria's National Parks' thread their way through the 'Central Balkan' National Park, 'Rila' National Park and 'Pirin' National Park, taking in ancient forests, shimmering glacial lakes, panoramic ridges and the two highest peaks in the country, Musala and Vihren. All great mountain walks in their own right, they have also been selected to offer the best chance of encountering a wealth of rare plants and animals. 'Walking in Bulgaria's National Parks' offers 2- to 3-day walks for fit and experienced mountain walkers and one full-day ascent of Mount Vihren with comprehensive background information about the wildlife to be seen.

Here is a short piece from the book's introduction:

'Blessed with a favourable climate, a wonderful variety of landscapes, a uniquely rich flora and fauna and a wealth of hiking trails, the choice of where to walk in Bulgaria is pretty much limitless. For the author of a guidebook such as this, it also makes the choice of what to include and what to leave out very difficult. In the end, I decided to limit the focus to Bulgaria’s three national parks, Rila, Pirin and Central Balkan. These national parks not only occupy the highest and wildest mountains in the country, but they are also threaded with a network of well-marked hiking trails. These paths typically lead through spectacular scenery and offer an unrivalled opportunity to encounter some of Europe’s rarest plants and animals.

As well as providing detailed route descriptions for many of the most outstanding walks offered by these three national parks, I have also included a great deal of background information about the history and geography of places passed along the trails, as well as comprehensive details of the wildlife likely to be seen. Mountain walking in Bulgaria’s national parks provides more than simply a physical challenge – it is a unique opportunity to experience wilderness and to glimpse the rare flora and fauna that still manages to find a safe refuge there.'

'Central Balkan' Important Bird Area

The 'Central Balkan' Important Bird Area (IBA) covers a total area of 166,678.21 hectares and includes not only the 'Central Balkan' National Park, but also the 'Bulgarka' Nature Park and several smaller protected territories.

Some 151 species of birds have been recorded breeding in the 'Central Balkan' Important Bird Area, of which 56 species are designated by BirdLife International as being of European conservation concern (SPEC). These include: 4 species of bird classified as SPEC 1 (species of global conservation concern), 21 species of bird classified as SPEC 2 (species with global populations concentrated in Europe and having an unfavourable conservation status in Europe) and 31 species of birds classified as SPEC 3 (species with global populations concentrated outside Europe but having an unfavourable conservation status in Europe).

'Pirin Mountains' Important Bird Area

The 'Pirin Mountains' Important Bird Area (IBA) covers a total area of 79,245.15 hectares and includes not only the 'Pirin' National Park, but also the 'Orelyak' Nature Reserve, as well as large areas of adjacent unprotected land in the central and southern regions of the Pirin Mountains.

Some 129 species of birds have been recorded breeding in the 'Pirin Mountains' Important Bird Area, of which 44 species are designated by BirdLife International as being of European conservation concern (SPEC). These include: 1 species of bird classified as SPEC 1 (species of global conservation concern), 13 species of bird classified as SPEC 2 (species with global populations concentrated in Europe and having an unfavourable conservation status in Europe) and 30 species of birds classified as SPEC 3 (species with global populations concentrated outside Europe but having an unfavourable conservation status in Europe).

'Rila Mountains' Important Bird Area

The 'Rila Mountains' Important Bird Area (IBA) covers a total area of 143,733.01 hectares and includes not only the 'Rila' National Park, but also the 'Rila Monastery' Nature Park and 'Rilomanistirska Gora' Nature Reserve, as well as some immediately adjoining unprotected land. As a whole, it encompasses more than 50% of the the Rila Mountains.

Some 130 species of birds have been recorded breeding in the 'Rila Mountains' Important Bird Area, of which 41 species are designated by BirdLife International as being of European conservation concern (SPEC). These include: 1 species of bird classified as SPEC 1 (species of global conservation concern), 14 species of bird classified as SPEC 2 (species with global populations concentrated in Europe and having an unfavourable conservation status in Europe) and 26 species of birds classified as SPEC 3 (species with global populations concentrated outside Europe but having an unfavourable conservation status in Europe).

'Rila' National Park: New National Park Director

A new director has been selected for the 'Rila' National Park. The new national park director for the 'Rila' National Park will be Krasimir Andonov.

It will be very interesting to see how he is going to deal with all the threats that currently face the 'Rila' National Park from proposed expansion and illegal encroachments by various ski zone projects.

'Central Balkan' National Park

Founded in 1991, the 'Central Balkan' National Park is the second largest protected territory in Bulgaria with an area of 71,669.5 hectares. It is located in the highest part of the Stara Planina (Balkan Mountains), covering an 85 kilometre long stretch of the main ridge. About 39% of the 'Central Balkan' National Park comprises mountain pastures, meadows and rock outcrops. The remaining 61% of the 'Central Balkan' National Park is forested, Broad-leaved species dominate, in particular European Beech (Fagus sylvatica) which accounts for about 70% of the forested area. The most common coniferous species is Norway Spruce (Picea abies).

There are nine nature reserves within the 'Central Balkan' National Park, accounting for about 28% of its total area:

• 'Boatin' Nature Reserve (1,597.2 hectares)


• 'Tsarichina' Nature Reserve (3,418.7 hectares)


• 'Kozya Stena' Nature Reserve (904.3 hectares)


• 'Steneto' Nature Reserve (3,578.8 hectares)


• 'Stara Reka' Nature Reserve (1 974.7 hectares)


• 'Dzhendema' Nature Reserve (4,220.2 hectares)


• 'Severen Dzhendem' Nature Reserve (1,610 hectares)


• 'Peeshtite Skali' Nature Reserve (1,465.7 hectares)


• 'Sokolna' Nature Reserve (1,250 hectares)

The 'Boatin' Nature Reserve, 'Tsarichina' Nature Reserve, 'Steneto' Nature Reserve and 'Dzhendema' Nature Reserve have all been designated as UNESCO Biosphere Reserves.

The flora of the 'Central Balkan' National Park is extremely rich, some 1900 species and sub-species of higher plants which represents about half the Bulgarian flora. These include 10 local endemics (found nowhere else in the world), 10 Bulgarian endemics (known only from Bulgaria) and 67 Balkan endemics (growing only on the Balkan Peninsula).

The 'Central Balkan' National Park also has an extremely varied fauna. The invertebrate fauna is still only partly studied, but already over 2300 species and subspecies have been recorded. These include 9 species of dragonfly (Odonata) and many interesting butterflies (Lepidoptera).

The vertebrate fauna of the 'Central Balkan' National Park has been studied in much greater detail, and includes 6 species of fish, 8 species of amphibians and 14 species of reptiles. Some 224 species of birds have been recorded within the national park itself, of which 123 species have been recorded as breeding. This number increases to 151 nesting species if one includes the species that have been recorded breeding in adjacent areas and which fall within the 'Central Balkan' Important Bird Area (IBA). Some 59 species of mammals have been recorded in the 'Central Balkan' National Park. These include 18 species of bats, 25 species of small mammals (insectivores and rodents), and 16 species of large mammals, of which 12 species are carnivores including brown bear, wolf, jackal and even a record of a lynx.